Nirankari movement:-
- Originated – Rawalpandi
- Founded by – Baba Dyal Singh.
- Successor – Darbar Singh
Namdhari Movement:-
- Another Name – Kuka Movement
- Founded by – Balak Singh
- Successor – Ram Singh
Radhasoami movement:
- Started from – Agra
- Founded by – Shiv Dayal Singh (also called “Soami ji Maharaj”)
Singh Sabha Movement: (Against Christans Missionaries )
The first modern movement.
Struggle for Freedom
Kamagata Maru: (1914)
- Head – By Gurdit Singh (Sikh businessman of Singapore)
- Komagata was ship name to carry 376 Indians, all Punjabis to Canada. The Ship embarked from Hong Kong before arriving in Canada.
Ghadar movement:
- Ghadar is name of weekly news papaer (Pulish In Hindi, Punjabi, Marathi, Urdu)
- Chief Editor – Lala Hardiyal
- Leader of Ghardar Movement – Sohan Singh Bhakna, Lala Hardiyal, Kartar Singh Shraba
- Start in – San Francisco (America)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre:-
13 April, 1919 Involved the killing of hundreds of unarmed Shooting was ordered by – General O Dyer *Shaheed Udham Singh: Shaheed Udham Singh is known for his assassination of Sir Michael O’Dwyer in March 1940 what has been described as a revenge of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. *Ravinder Nath Tagore return Knighthood Title. *Jallianwala Bagh Made by Ranjit Singh.
Gurudwara Reform Movement: 1920-25
Gurudwara Reform Movement marked the struggle of the Sikhs to wrest control of their places of worship from the mahants (priests) into whose hands they had passed during the 18th century when the Sikhs were driven away from their homes to seek safety in remote hills and deserts.
Shiromani Gurdwara Prabhandak Committee
The inaugural meeting of the SGPC – Akal Takht Amritsar on 12 December 1920.
It appointed a subcommittee to draft the Committee`s constitution.
- President – Sardar Sundar Singh Majithia
- Vice-President – Harbans Singh
- Secretary – Sundar Singh Ramgarhia
New elections under the constitution were held in July 1921
- Elected President – Baba Kharak Singh
- Elected Vice-President – Captain Ram Singh
- Elected Secretary – Sardar Bahadur. Mehtab Singh
In 1922 – Sikh Gurdwaras and Shrines Act, 1922
Sikh Gurdwaras Act, 1925 passed by the provincial legislative assembly on 9 July 1925 and implemented with effect from 1 November 1925.
Movement Related with SGPC –
- Guru Ka Bagh Morcha (Ghukkevali village, District Amritsar)
- Jaito Morcha – Shaheed Bhagat Singh ‘Khatkar Kalan’ in present SBS Nagar (Nawanshehr)
- Shaheed Sukhdev
- Shaheed Rajguru in Maharastra
Punjab After 1947
Patiala and East Punjab States Union (PEPSU) was a state of India between 1948 and 1956
PEPSU was union of eight princely states: Patiala, Jind, Nabha, Kapurthala, Faridkot, Kalsia, Malerkotla and Nalagarh
- PEPSU made in 15 july 1948
- Raj Parmukh of PEPSU – Maharaja Yadvinder Singh
- First CM of PEPSU – Gian Singh Rarewala PEPSU
- Capital – Patiala
- PEPSU Vidhan Shaba Member – 60
Note – In 1 Nov 1956 PEPSU Merge in Punjab and New state created Himachal Pardesh
Formation of Present Punjab
Master Dara Singh Pointed Demand of Present Punjab.
Punjab Boundary Commission 1966 (Reorganization of Punjab): An Act to provide for the reorganisation of the existing State of Punjab and for matters connected therewith.
Head of Commission – Fazal Ali
